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[Apolipoprotein (a) polymorphism in relation to coronary heart disease in Chinese Han nationality]
Insights
Apolipoprotein (a) [apo(a)] low molecular weight phenotypes are linked to higher lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels and increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in Chinese Han individuals, independent of cholesterol. This genetic factor is crucial for CHD development.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Genetics
- Lipid Metabolism
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) poses a significant global health challenge.
- Genetic factors, including apolipoprotein (a) [apo(a)] polymorphism, are implicated in CHD risk.
- The role of apo(a) phenotypes and their impact on lipoprotein [Lp(a)] levels in Chinese Han populations requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between apo(a) polymorphism and CHD in Chinese Han individuals.
- To examine the influence of apo(a) phenotypes on Lp(a), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels.
- To identify apo(a) phenotype as an independent predictor of CHD.
Main Methods:
- Case-control study involving 105 CHD patients and 102 healthy controls.
- Apo(a) phenotyping using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and immunoblotting.
- Quantification of Lp(a) and other lipid profiles (TC, HDL-C, TG).
- Stepwise logistic regression analysis to determine independent predictors of CHD.
Main Results:
- Low molecular weight apo(a) phenotypes (B, S1, S2) were significantly more frequent in CHD patients (30.5%) compared to controls (15.7%).
- Lp(a) concentrations were markedly higher in CHD patients (257 ± 225 mg/L) than in controls (145 ± 157 mg/L).
- Apo(a) phenotype emerged as a significant predictor of CHD, independent of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels.
Conclusions:
- Apo(a) low molecular weight phenotypes are associated with elevated Lp(a) levels.
- This association suggests apo(a) phenotype is a primary genetic risk factor for CHD in the Han Chinese population.
- Understanding apo(a) polymorphism's role can aid in personalized CHD risk assessment and prevention strategies.
Abstract:
We investigated the association of apolipoprotein (a) [apo(a)]polymorphism with coronary heart disease in Chinese Han nationality. The effects of the apo(a) phenotypes on lipoprotein [Lp (a)], total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels were also investigated. The CHD group consisted of 105 patients (85 were survivors from previous myocardial infarction and 20 had > or = 75% narrowing in at least one of the major coronary arteries found by coronary angiography). The control group included 102 healthy individuals who had no symptoms and clinical signs of cardiovascular diseases. Apo(a) phenotype was performed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) under reducing conditions followed by immunoblotting. Determination of (a) Lp(a) and other lipoproteins were also performed. The apo(a) low molecular weight phenotypes (B, S1, S2) were more frequent in the CHD patients than in the healthy individuals (30.5% vs 15.7%, P < 0.05). Lp(a) concentrations were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (257 +/- 225 mg/L vs 145 +/- 157 mg/L, P < 0.001). The results from stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that apo(a) phenotype was a significant predictor of CHD, independent of TC, LDL-C and HDL-C. But apo(a) molecular weight was inversely related to Lp(a) levels. The apo(a) low molecular weight phenotypes associated with elevated Lp(a) levels was a primary genetic risk factor for CHD in Han Chinese.