Trisomy 10: age and leukemic lineage associations

We observed three cases of acute leukemia with trisomy 10 (+10) as the sole abnormality, two were adult patients with ANLL (subtype M0 and M1 respectively), and the third that of a child with ALL. The literature describes nine additional cases, four with ALL (all of whom were children) and five with ANLL (all of whom were adults). Cell marker studies on the ANLL cases showed a common positivity for CD7 and CD33 in our two cases, as well as in four of the previously reported cases, whereas in ALL the only two informative cases were classified as early pre-B ALL. There appears to be an age-related pattern in the specificity of the leukemic lineage. Trisomy 10 appears to be associated exclusively with ALL in children and with ANLL (usually M0-M1) in adults. The prognosis appears to be also divided between the two groups, being good in the pediatric group and moderate in the adult group.