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Related Experiment Videos

Herpes zoster in infants

H Dobrev1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Medicine, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

Folia Medica
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Infants can develop herpes zoster (shingles) without prior chickenpox if exposed to varicella-zoster virus in utero or through close contact. This occurs even in mothers with prior immunity, suggesting subclinical or asymptomatic infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Herpes zoster (shingles) is typically associated with reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in individuals with a history of chickenpox.
  • Infantile herpes zoster is uncommon and its etiology in neonates without a history of chickenpox requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report cases of herpes zoster in infants without a history of chickenpox.
  • To investigate potential transmission routes and etiological factors for infantile herpes zoster.

Main Methods:

  • Case series reporting on four infants diagnosed with herpes zoster.
  • Review of patient histories, including maternal varicella history and infant exposures.

Main Results:

  • Four infants presented with herpes zoster without a prior chickenpox diagnosis.
  • Maternal history of varicella (during pregnancy or early life) was reported in three cases.
  • One infant had close contact with a father experiencing varicella.

Conclusions:

  • Herpes zoster in infancy can arise from asymptomatic fetal varicella-zoster virus infection.
  • Unrecognized subclinical varicella in mothers with existing varicella-zoster virus immunity may also lead to infantile herpes zoster.
  • Exposure to varicella-zoster virus, even in immune mothers, can pose a risk for neonatal herpes zoster.

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