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Biochemical alterations in macrophages by interaction with immune complexes
1Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Abstract:
The mouse peritoneal cells (MPS) were stimulated under in vitro and in vivo conditions with different compositions of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-anti BSA immune complexes (IC). The aim was to monitor the biochemical changes that may occur in macrophages and this activation was indicated by an increase in the number and protein content of the cells. The role of these complexes in inducing lysosomal hydrolases release from elicited as well as during an in vitro interaction with ICs was also studied. The insoluble immune complex at equivalence (IC-Eq) and immune complex-antibody excess (IC-Ab) registered a significant increase in number of cells and protein content as compared to soluble immune-complex antigen excess (IC-Ag) complexes. The IC elicited cells showed lesser secretory activity as compared to MPM cells stimulated in vitro. Stimulating capacity of ICs in causing hydrolase release was time and dose dependent. The complement coated complexes were the most effective in inducing enzyme release (4.5-5-fold).
Insights
Bovine serum albumin immune complexes activate mouse peritoneal cells, increasing cell number and protein content. Complement-coated complexes most effectively induced lysosomal hydrolase release.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Macrophages play a crucial role in immune responses.
- Immune complexes (ICs) are critical mediators in various immunological processes.
- Understanding macrophage activation by ICs is key to deciphering inflammatory pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biochemical changes in mouse peritoneal cells (MPCs) upon stimulation with varying bovine serum albumin (BSA)-anti BSA immune complexes (ICs).
- To assess the role of different IC compositions in inducing lysosomal hydrolases release from macrophages.
- To compare the activation and secretory activity of MPCs under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
Main Methods:
- Stimulation of mouse peritoneal cells (MPCs) in vitro and in vivo using different bovine serum albumin (BSA)-anti BSA immune complexes (ICs).
- Quantification of cell number and protein content to indicate macrophage activation.
- Measurement of lysosomal hydrolases release as a marker of cellular activity.
- Comparison of ICs in antigen excess (IC-Ag), equivalence (IC-Eq), and antibody excess (IC-Ab) conditions.
Main Results:
- Insoluble immune complexes at equivalence (IC-Eq) and antibody excess (IC-Ab) significantly increased MPC number and protein content compared to soluble ICs in antigen excess (IC-Ag).
- Complement-coated ICs were most potent, inducing 4.5-5 fold enzyme release.
- IC-elicited cells exhibited lower secretory activity than in vitro stimulated MPCs.
- The capacity of ICs to induce hydrolase release was dependent on time and dose.
Conclusions:
- Different compositions of BSA-anti BSA immune complexes differentially activate mouse peritoneal cells.
- Insoluble and complement-coated immune complexes are potent stimulators of macrophage activation and lysosomal hydrolase release.
- Macrophage activation and secretory responses are influenced by the conditions of IC exposure (in vitro vs. in vivo).