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Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome

R Prussick1, N H Shear

  • 1Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) can occur in patients with cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa. Early recognition and drug cessation are crucial for managing this severe adverse reaction.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (cPAN) is a rare systemic vasculitis.
  • Dapsone is a treatment option for cPAN, but carries risks of adverse drug reactions.

Observation:

  • A 22-year-old woman with cPAN developed dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) 5 weeks after starting dapsone.
  • The patient presented with fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, a pustular erythematous eruption, and hepatocellular/cholestatic liver injury.

Findings:

  • Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) is a severe, potentially life-threatening reaction.
  • Clinical manifestations include fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and organ involvement, particularly the liver.
  • Prompt recognition and withdrawal of dapsone are essential.

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Implications:

  • Immediate drug discontinuation is recommended for patients developing fever or flu-like symptoms after 4 weeks of dapsone therapy.
  • Corticosteroid treatment, such as prednisone, is indicated for managing DHS.
  • Routine thyroid function testing post-recovery is advised due to potential hypothyroidism risk.