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A complement factor B-like cDNA clone from the zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio)

A Seeger1, W E Mayer, J Klein

  • 1Max-Planck-Institute fur Biologie, Abteilung Immungenetik, Tubingen, Germany.

Molecular Immunology
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Zebrafish factor B, a complement system protein, was isolated and sequenced. Its evolutionary analysis suggests the factor B-C2 gene duplication occurred after reptiles and birds diverged.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Factor B is crucial for vertebrate complement system activation.
  • Factor B and complement component C2 likely originated from gene duplication.
  • Factor B gene linkage to the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) varies across species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a cDNA clone for factor B in zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio).
  • To investigate the evolutionary history and divergence of factor B and C2.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of a cDNA clone encoding zebrafish factor B.
  • Deduction of protein sequence and domain analysis.
  • Phylogenetic analysis to estimate divergence times.

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Main Results:

  • The zebrafish factor B protein sequence shows a mosaic structure with SCR, von Willebrand factor, and serine protease domains.
  • Estimated divergence of factor B and C2 is approximately 350 million years ago.
  • C2 is found only in mammals, suggesting its evolution post-mammal-like reptile divergence.

Conclusions:

  • The factor B-C2 gene duplication event occurred after the divergence of mammal-like reptiles and birds.
  • Complement component C2 has evolved more rapidly than factor B since duplication.