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Oral tuberculosis

H L Eng1, S Y Lu, C H Yang

  • 1Department of Pathology and Dentistry, Chang-Gung Medical College, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
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Oral tuberculosis is a rare but serious condition, often presenting as ulcers or masses. Diagnosis requires biopsy and chest X-rays, especially when pulmonary tuberculosis is suspected.

Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Oral tuberculosis (TB) is a rare condition, often overlooked and posing diagnostic challenges.
  • Its infrequency can lead to misdiagnosis, particularly when presenting as malignant-appearing lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cases of oral tuberculosis to understand its clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and association with pulmonary TB.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering oral TB in differential diagnoses.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 15 patients with histologically confirmed oral tuberculosis.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations, affected sites, diagnostic procedures, and outcomes.

Main Results:

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  • All 15 patients were male, aged 29-78 years.
  • Common symptoms included odynophagia; common sites were tongue base and gingiva.
  • Lesions appeared as ulcers or masses; 8 were initially suspected of malignancy.
  • 14 patients had concurrent active pulmonary tuberculosis; acid-fast bacilli were present in all.

Conclusions:

  • Oral tuberculosis, though rare, should be considered in patients with inflamed ulcerated lesions, especially when suspicious for malignancy.
  • Biopsy, acid-fast stains, cultures, and chest radiography are crucial for diagnosis and identifying pulmonary involvement.