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Retinal detachment in horses

K Mätz-Rensing1, W Drommer, F J Kaup

  • 1Institute of Pathology, Hannoverian School of Veterinary Medicine, Germany.

Equine Veterinary Journal
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Retinal detachment in horses causes pigment epithelium hypertrophy and sensory retina degeneration. Müller cells also hypertrophy, indicating significant damage following detachment from inflammation or trauma.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Ophthalmology
  • Comparative Pathology
  • Retinal Biology

Background:

  • Retinal detachment (RD) in horses can result from inflammatory conditions or trauma.
  • Understanding the cellular and morphological changes following RD is crucial for equine eye care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the histopathological changes in equine retinas following partial or total retinal detachment.
  • To compare observed lesions with normal retinal morphology in horses.

Main Methods:

  • Light microscopy and transmission/scanning electron microscopy (TEM, SEM) were used.
  • Ten horses with varying degrees of retinal detachment were examined.
  • Histological samples were analyzed to identify cellular and tissue alterations.

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Main Results:

  • Hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium with apical microvilli transformation was observed three weeks post-detachment.
  • Progressive degeneration and atrophy of the sensory retina, beginning at the photoreceptor outer segments, were noted.
  • Hypertrophy of Müller cells was a consistent finding alongside retinal degeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Equine retinal detachment leads to significant histopathological changes, including pigment epithelium and Müller cell hypertrophy.
  • Degeneration of the sensory retina, particularly photoreceptors, is a key consequence of retinal detachment.
  • These findings underscore the severe impact of inflammation or trauma-induced retinal detachment on equine vision.