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Related Concept Videos

Karyotyping01:17

Karyotyping

Describing the number and physical features of chromosomes can reveal abnormalities that underlie genetic diseases. This description is facilitated by special staining techniques that produce a particular banding pattern on each chromosome. State-of-the-art techniques make this approach even more powerful, enabling the detection of individual genes that cause disease.A Simple Chromosome Staining Technique Provides Valuable Scientific InsightSome genetic diseases can be detected by looking at...
Karyotyping01:17

Karyotyping

Describing the number and physical features of chromosomes can reveal abnormalities that underlie genetic diseases. This description is facilitated by special staining techniques that produce a particular banding pattern on each chromosome. State-of-the-art techniques make this approach even more powerful, enabling the detection of individual genes that cause disease.A Simple Chromosome Staining Technique Provides Valuable Scientific InsightSome genetic diseases can be detected by looking at...
Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops resemble the...
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...
Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral chromosome underwent...
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2026

Spectral Karyotyping to Study Chromosome Abnormalities in Humans and Mice with Polycystic Kidney Disease
12:47

Spectral Karyotyping to Study Chromosome Abnormalities in Humans and Mice with Polycystic Kidney Disease

Published on: February 3, 2012

Karyotype polymorphism in the slender loris (Loris tardigradus)

P M Goonan1, C P Groves, R D Smith

  • 1Royal Zoological Society of South Australia, Adelaide.

Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Karyotyping of slender lorises (Loris tardigradus) revealed distinct chromosomal differences between wild Sri Lankan populations. These findings suggest significant chromosomal divergence between Indian and Sri Lankan lorises.

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Area of Science:

  • Primatology
  • Genetics
  • Zoology

Background:

  • Slender lorises (Loris tardigradus) are small, nocturnal primates found in South Asia.
  • Understanding the genetic diversity and chromosomal makeup of different populations is crucial for conservation efforts.
  • Previous research has indicated potential subspecies differentiation within Loris tardigradus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform karyotyping on wild-caught and captive-bred slender lorises from Sri Lanka.
  • To investigate the chromosomal distinctiveness among different subspecies of Loris tardigradus.
  • To compare the karyotypes of Sri Lankan lorises with those from India.

Main Methods:

  • Karyotyping was conducted on leucocyte cultures from three wild-caught and two captive-bred slender lorises.
  • Analysis focused on the chromosomal structure and number of the studied individuals.
  • Comparative analysis was performed between individuals and against existing data for Indian lorises.

Main Results:

  • All three wild-caught slender lorises exhibited unique karyotypes.
  • Offspring of the studied lorises displayed expected heterozygosity.
  • The karyotype of Loris tardigradus tardigradus was not significantly more distinct from the grey subspecies (L. tardigradus grandis) than the grey subspecies were from each other.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides evidence for significant chromosomal distinctiveness among wild Sri Lankan slender loris populations.
  • Current data suggest that Indian and Sri Lankan lorises are chromosomally distinct.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the taxonomic status and conservation needs of Loris tardigradus subspecies.