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Cardiorespiratory synchrony in turtles

T Wang1, J W Hicks

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California at Irvine 92717, USA.

The Journal of Experimental Biology
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
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Cardiorespiratory synchrony in turtles (Trachemys scripta) involves increased pulmonary blood flow (Qpul) and systemic blood flow (Qsys) during ventilation, driven by heart rate. A right-to-left cardiac shunt persists regardless of breathing state.

Area of Science:

  • Comparative Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Reptile Biology

Background:

  • Reptiles, especially diving species, exhibit cardiorespiratory synchrony.
  • Previous studies on freshwater turtles show increased heart rate and pulmonary blood flow (Qpul) during ventilation, with some reporting decreased systemic blood flow (Qsys).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail cardiorespiratory synchrony in free-diving and recovered turtles (Trachemys scripta).
  • To investigate changes in Qpul and systemic blood flow rate (Qsys) during ventilation versus breath-holding.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of Qpul and Qsys in Trachemys scripta during ventilation and breath-holding (>5 min).
  • Analysis of heart rate and stroke volume changes.
  • Calculation of Qpul/Qsys ratio.

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Main Results:

  • During ventilation, Qpul increased over threefold (15 to 50 ml min-1 kg-1) and Qsys increased (44 to 73 ml min-1 kg-1) compared to breath-holds.
  • These circulatory changes were solely due to increased heart rate; total stroke volume remained constant.
  • The Qpul/Qsys ratio increased significantly during ventilation (0.29 to 0.80), indicating a greater relative increase in Qpul.
  • A net right-to-left cardiac shunt was observed irrespective of the ventilatory state.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiorespiratory synchrony is confirmed in Trachemys scripta.
  • Contrary to some prior research, a persistent right-to-left cardiac shunt was found in turtles, regardless of their breathing status.
  • The study highlights the dynamic cardiovascular adjustments in turtles during ventilation and breath-holding.