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Familial transitional cell carcinoma

L A Kiemeney¹, M Schoenberg

¹James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

The Journal of Urology

|September 1, 1996

Summary

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Familial bladder cancer suggests a genetic predisposition, with first-degree relatives having double the risk. Further research is needed to identify specific genes involved in this inherited form of transitional cell carcinoma.

Area of Science:

Urology
Oncology
Genetics

Background:

Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy with largely unknown causes beyond smoking and occupational exposures.
Understanding familial bladder cancer may illuminate the pathogenesis of this disease.
While most patients lack a family history, studying familial cases is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and synthesize current knowledge on familial transitional cell carcinoma.
To evaluate evidence for a genetic component in bladder cancer inheritance.

Main Methods:

Literature review of case reports.
Analysis of epidemiological studies on familial bladder cancer.

Main Results:

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Case reports show clustering of bladder cancer within families, often with early disease onset, suggesting a genetic link.

Epidemiological studies indicate a twofold increased risk for first-degree relatives.

Familial clustering of smoking habits does not explain the elevated risk.

Conclusions:

Familial bladder cancer likely involves a genetically transmitted predisposition in some families.
Identification of candidate genes is necessary for further understanding and potential therapeutic targets.