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The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology

J M Williams1, A Mathews, C MacLeod

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd. pss046@bangor.ac.uk

Psychological Bulletin
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Patients show attentional bias, a key aspect of psychopathology. Research using the emotional Stroop task reveals slower color naming for psychopathology-relevant words, explained by parallel distributed processing models.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychopathology Research

Background:

  • Attentional bias is central to cognitive theories of psychopathology.
  • The emotional Stroop task is a primary method for studying attentional bias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research on attentional bias in psychopathology using the emotional Stroop task.
  • To explore the causes and mechanisms of this bias, including parallel distributed processing models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an emotional analog of the Stroop task.
  • Analyzing participant performance in naming word colors based on thematic relevance to psychopathology.

Main Results:

  • Patients exhibit slower color naming for words relevant to their clinical condition.

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  • This phenomenon indicates a significant attentional bias.

    • Conclusions:

    • Attentional bias, demonstrated by slower color naming in the emotional Stroop task, is a consistent finding in psychopathology.
    • Parallel distributed processing models offer a framework for understanding the underlying mechanisms of this bias.