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Related Experiment Videos

Superoxide dismutase activity in human glomerulonephritis

A Kashem1, M Endoh, F Yamauchi

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels are reduced in damaged kidney tissues, particularly the Cu,Zn-SOD form. Lower SOD activity correlates with slower renal function decline, suggesting a role in oxidative stress vulnerability.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Immunoglobulin A nephropathy and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis are kidney diseases characterized by inflammation and damage.
  • Oxidative stress, involving reactive oxygen species like superoxide, plays a role in the progression of kidney diseases.
  • Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a key enzyme that neutralizes superoxide radicals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) at both protein and mRNA levels in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.
  • To correlate SOD activity with the severity of kidney damage and renal function deterioration.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to quantify Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD protein and mRNA levels.

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  • Electron paramagnetic resonance/spin trapping measured total SOD activity.
  • Histochemical staining with anti-Cu,Zn-SOD antibody assessed antigen distribution.

    • Main Results:

    • Cu,Zn-SOD protein and mRNA levels were significantly lower in moderately or severely damaged renal tissues compared to normal or mildly damaged tissues.
    • Manganese SOD (Mn-SOD) levels did not show significant differences between patient and control groups.
    • Lower Cu,Zn-SOD staining intensity correlated with advanced histologic damage.
    • Patients with SOD activity within normal ranges at biopsy exhibited slower renal function decline.

    Conclusions:

    • Reduced Cu,Zn-SOD activity, at both protein and mRNA levels, is associated with kidney damage in glomerulonephritis.
    • Lower SOD levels may increase tissue vulnerability to oxidative stress, contributing to disease progression.
    • SOD activity may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting renal function decline.