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Fat emulsion infusion potentiates coagulation activation during human endotoxemia
T van der Poll1, S M Coyle, M Levi
1Laboratory of Surgical Metabolism, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|January 1, 1996
Summary
Intravenous fat emulsions may increase the risk of thrombotic complications in patients with infections. Lipid infusions amplified endotoxin-induced coagulation activation, suggesting a heightened risk of blood clots.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Nutrition
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Malnourished patients receiving intravenous fat emulsions are susceptible to infections.
- Endotoxin injection serves as a model for acute infection response.
- The impact of lipid emulsions on infection-induced hemostasis requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of lipid emulsion infusion on endotoxin-induced activation of the hemostatic system in humans.
- To determine if fat emulsions alter the coagulation and fibrinolytic response to endotoxin.
Main Methods:
- Ten healthy male volunteers participated in the study.
- Participants received an intravenous endotoxin injection.
- Subjects were infused with either dextrose 5% or Intralipid 20% over 4 hours.
Main Results:
- Lipid infusion significantly potentiated endotoxin-induced coagulation activation, evidenced by increased prothrombin fragment F1+2 and thrombin-antithrombin III complexes.
- The fibrinolytic response to endotoxin was not influenced by lipid infusion.
- Plasminogen activator inhibitor type I levels were elevated by lipid infusion following endotoxin challenge.
Conclusions:
- Fat emulsion infusion may exacerbate the pro-thrombotic state in patients experiencing infections.
- These findings suggest a potential increased risk of thrombotic complications when fat emulsions are administered during infection.