[Treatment of neurological complications: cerebral edema and epileptic seizures]

Acute ischemic stroke is a true medical emergency, as early diagnosis and treatment is the only viable way to open the so-called "therapeutic window" and prevent devastating consequences. Although neurological complications are few at onset and in the early hours, they are potential causes of death and morbidity. The main cause of death in the acute phase is cerebral edema. Early diagnosis and treatment, mainly with hyperosmolar agents, hyperventilation and/or surgery, can save lives and reduce the impact of sequelae. Early epileptic seizures are seen in 4-5% of stroke patients. Treatment is only needed in status epilepticus or recurrent episodes. We review the most important features and current therapeutic strategies for the management of complications.