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Fast neutron effects on multicell spheroids

R E Durand, P L Olive

    The British Journal of Radiology
    |June 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Neutron damage accumulation and repair were studied in cell spheroids. Larger spheroids showed therapeutic gain due to increased neutron effectiveness against hypoxic cells, indicating potential in radiation therapy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Radiobiology
    • Radiation Oncology
    • Cellular Damage and Repair

    Background:

    • Neutron radiation is used in cancer therapy.
    • Understanding neutron damage and repair mechanisms in cells is crucial for optimizing treatment.
    • Multicell spheroids offer a model to study cellular responses to radiation, including differences between aerobic and hypoxic conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the accumulation and repair of neutron-induced damage in multicell spheroids.
    • To compare the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of neutrons for aerobic and hypoxic cells.
    • To investigate the potential for "therapeutic gain" in radiation therapy using neutron irradiation of spheroids.

    Main Methods:

    • Irradiation of multicell spheroids with neutrons using the Hammersmith Cyclotron.

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  • Measurement of cell survival curves to determine damage accumulation and repair.
  • Calculation of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) based on Do values.
  • Comparison of responses between single cells and spheroids of varying sizes (small vs. large) and oxygenation levels (aerobic vs. hypoxic).

    • Main Results:

    • A relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of approximately 1.5 was observed for aerobic single cells and small spheroids.
    • Small spheroids demonstrated greater accumulation of sublethal neutron damage compared to single cells, evidenced by a broader shoulder on their survival curves.
    • No significant repair of sublethal damage was detected in either single cells or spheroids when neutron doses were separated by six hours or less.
    • A significant "therapeutic gain" was identified for larger spheroids containing hypoxic cells, with fast neutrons showing an RBE approximately twice as high for hypoxic cells compared to aerobic cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Neutron irradiation leads to accumulation of sublethal damage in cell spheroids, with greater accumulation in smaller spheroids.
    • Sublethal damage repair is limited within a six-hour interval following neutron irradiation.
    • Fast neutrons exhibit enhanced effectiveness against hypoxic tumor cells, suggesting a therapeutic advantage in treating tumors with hypoxic regions.
    • The findings support the potential clinical utility of fast neutrons in radiation oncology, particularly for tumors characterized by hypoxic cell populations.