In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of silver iontophoretic catheter

A silver iontophoretic catheter was designed consisting of two silver wires connected to an electric power source and disposed in a parallel and helical manner around the proximal subcutaneous segment of a silicone catheter. In an in vitro tunnelled bridge model the silver iontophoretic catheter prevented the migration of Staphylococcus epidermidis from the highly contaminated hub to the sterile tip over a 40-d period. The silver impregnated cuff and electrically charged wires made of aluminium or iron delayed migration for only 72 h. A modified Kirby-Bauer technique, used to test the inhibitory activity of antimicrobial catheters, showed that the silver iontophoretic catheter has a broad spectrum inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and Candida albicans. The silver iontophoretic catheter provides a long-term electrochemical barrier against the migration of organisms from the external contaminated environment into the sterile intravascular compartment.