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Female lung cancer

V L Ernster1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0560, USA.

Annual Review of Public Health
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Cigarette smoking drives the lung cancer epidemic in women, causing over 80% of cases. Preventing smoking in young girls and aiding cessation are key to reducing female lung cancer deaths.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Female lung cancer death rates surged over 550% from 1950-1991, surpassing breast cancer by 1986.
  • Cigarette smoking is the primary driver, responsible for at least 80% of lung cancer in women.
  • Potential gender-specific susceptibilities and risks from environmental tobacco smoke exist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology and risk factors for lung cancer in women.
  • To highlight the significant impact of cigarette smoking on female lung cancer incidence.
  • To identify key areas for intervention and prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological studies on lung cancer in women.
  • Analysis of trends in lung cancer mortality and incidence.
  • Examination of risk factors including smoking, environmental exposures, and personal history.

Main Results:

  • Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in US women, largely due to smoking.
  • Environmental tobacco smoke, family history, prior lung disease, and radiotherapy increase risk.
  • Data on radon and occupational exposures in women are limited; fruit/vegetable intake showed no benefit in trials.

Conclusions:

  • Cigarette smoking is the predominant modifiable risk factor for lung cancer in women.
  • Preventing smoking initiation in adolescents and promoting cessation are crucial for reducing the burden.
  • Further research is needed on specific environmental exposures and gender-specific risk factors.

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