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A study of complement fixation by rheumatoid factor using a haemolytic assay system

M M Taylor-Upsahl, P M Johnson, O J Mellbye

    Clinical and Experimental Immunology
    |May 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Rheumatoid factor (RF) in rheumatoid arthritis patients

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Rheumatology

    Background:

    • Rheumatoid factor (RF) is a biomarker in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
    • The complement fixation ability of RF in patient sera and synovial fluid is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the complement fixation of RF in rheumatoid arthritis patient sera and synovial fluids.
    • To characterize the inhibitory effects of RF on haemolysis.

    Main Methods:

    • A haemolytic assay system using antibody-coated sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) was employed.
    • Isolation of purified IgM-RF from patient samples.
    • Analysis of haemolysis patterns in sera, synovial fluids, and isolated RF preparations.

    Main Results:

    • RF-positive sera and synovial fluids demonstrated haemolysis, unlike RF-negative samples.
    • Isolated IgM-RF showed significantly enhanced haemolytic activity, indicating masked complement-fixing potential in native samples.
    • Inhibition of haemolysis by RF involved complement depletion and reduced RF antibody activity.

    Conclusions:

    • The in vitro complement-fixing and lytic potential of RF is masked in rheumatoid arthritis patient sera and synovial fluids.
    • Understanding RF's role in complement fixation is crucial for RA pathogenesis.
    • Further research into RF-mediated complement activation may reveal therapeutic targets.

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