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Related Experiment Videos

Interleukin 15 and its receptor

D Cosman1, S Kumaki, M Ahdieh

  • 1Immunex Research and Development Corporation, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.

Ciba Foundation Symposium
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers identified a new component of the Interleukin-15 (IL-15) receptor, the IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15R alpha) subunit. This discovery explains IL-15

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Interleukin-15 (IL-15) shares biological activities with IL-2 and utilizes IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) beta and gamma chains.
  • Evidence suggested an IL-15-specific receptor component beyond the shared IL-2R chains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the IL-15-specific receptor component.
  • To confirm the function of this component in IL-15 signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of an IL-15 binding chain on a murine T cell clone.
  • Direct expression cloning to isolate the complementary DNA (cDNA) for the binding chain.
  • Transfection of cDNA into a myeloid cell line (32D-01) to assess IL-15 binding and responsiveness.
  • Recombinant expression of a soluble form of the identified subunit.

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Main Results:

  • A novel IL-15 binding chain, designated IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15R alpha) subunit, was identified.
  • Transfection conferred IL-15 binding and IL-15 responsiveness to cells.
  • IL-15R alpha mRNA expression pattern differs from IL-2R alpha mRNA.
  • Soluble IL-15R alpha acts as a potent inhibitor of IL-15 activity.

Conclusions:

  • IL-15R alpha is a crucial component of the IL-15 receptor complex.
  • IL-15R alpha mediates IL-15 binding and signal transduction.
  • IL-15R alpha plays a distinct role compared to IL-2R alpha and can modulate IL-15 function.