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Bitterness in cheese: a review

M B Habibi-Najafi1, B H Lee

  • 1Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, PQ, Canada.

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
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This review explores cheese bitterness caused by protein breakdown. It details bitter peptide detection, properties, and control methods, including using lactobacilli in accelerated ripened cheese and enzyme-modified cheese.

Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Dairy Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Bitterness in cheese is a common issue arising from proteolysis.
  • Bitter peptides accumulate during cheese ripening, impacting flavor profile.
  • Understanding these peptides is crucial for cheese quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide updated information on cheese bitterness.
  • To review the relationship between proteolytic activity and bitter peptide formation.
  • To discuss methods for detecting, isolating, and controlling bitter peptides.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications.
  • Analysis of proteolytic activity and peptide accumulation.
  • Discussion of physicochemical properties of bitter peptides.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exploration of control strategies, including adjunct cultures.
  • Main Results:

    • Proteolysis directly leads to the formation of bitter peptides in cheese.
    • Various methods exist for isolating and detecting these peptides.
    • Physicochemical properties influence bitterness perception.
    • Lactobacilli strains and enzymes show potential for bitterness control.

    Conclusions:

    • Controlling bitter peptide accumulation is key to improving cheese flavor.
    • Adjunct lactobacilli offer a promising strategy for producing non-bitter cheese varieties.
    • Further research into enzyme modification and starter cultures can mitigate bitterness.