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Engineering a normally responsive bioartificial pancreas based on glucose-hypersensitive cells

E Tziampazis1, A Sambanis

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0100, USA.

Computers in Biology and Medicine
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a bioartificial pancreas using hypersensitive cells for diabetes treatment. By surrounding cells with a glucose-consuming enzyme, they successfully mimicked normal islet function, overcoming hypersensitivity issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Endocrinology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Implantable bioartificial pancreases offer a promising avenue for diabetes mellitus treatment.
  • Transformed cells are crucial for fabricating tissue constructs at a medically relevant scale.
  • However, transformed cells often exhibit glucose hypersensitivity, leading to suboptimal insulin secretion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development of a normally responsive bioartificial pancreas construct using glucose-hypersensitive transformed cells.
  • To address the challenge of glucose hypersensitivity in transformed cells for effective diabetes therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Two distinct systems of immobilized cells and a glucose-consuming enzyme were modeled: cells encapsulated with the enzyme, and cells co-immobilized with the enzyme.

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  • Computational simulations were employed to analyze the behavior of these systems under varying glucose conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Model simulations demonstrated that a system with cells surrounded by the glucose-consuming enzyme could effectively mitigate glucose hypersensitivity.
    • This configuration, with optimized parameter values, successfully mimicked the glucose-insulin secretion response of normal pancreatic islets.
    • The co-immobilized system did not achieve the same level of normal responsiveness.

    Conclusions:

    • A bioartificial pancreas construct utilizing glucose-hypersensitive cells can be engineered to achieve normal physiological responsiveness.
    • Surrounding transformed cells with a glucose-consuming enzyme is a viable strategy to overcome hypersensitivity and create effective diabetes treatments.
    • This approach holds significant potential for advancing implantable diabetes therapies.