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Body composition of children on CAPD
C Stefanidis1, D Siapera, A Papadopoulou
1Division of Pediatric Nephrology, A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Insights
Bioelectrical impedance (BIA) is a reliable method for assessing body composition in children undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Serial BIA measurements can effectively monitor nutritional status and dialysis adequacy.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Nutritional Science
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) often experience altered body composition.
- Accurate assessment of body composition is crucial for managing nutritional status and overall health in these patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate body composition in children on CAPD.
- To assess fat-free mass (FFM) using bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and skinfold anthropometry (SF).
- To determine how nutritional status and dialysis adequacy affect body composition.
Main Methods:
- A non-interventional retrospective clinical trial design was employed.
- Body fat percentage was calculated using both SF and BIA.
- Fat-free mass (FFM) water content was analyzed.
- Correlation between protein catabolic rate (PCR) and dialysis dose (KT/V) was examined.
Main Results:
- A strong correlation was found between fat percentage measured by SF and BIA (r = 0.94, p < 0.0001).
- FFM water content ranged from 70%-79%.
- A significant correlation existed between PCR and KT/V, which strengthened when V was calculated using BIA (r = 0.83, p = 0.0007).
Conclusions:
- Bioelectrical impedance (BIA) is a simple and reliable technique for predicting body composition in pediatric CAPD patients.
- Serial BIA measurements are valuable for assessing nutritional interventions and monitoring patients on CAPD.
Abstract:
Our objectives were to estimate the body composition of children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), assess the fat-free mass (FFM) by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and skinfold anthropometry (SF), and determine the effect of various parameters of the nutritional status and adequacy of dialysis on body composition. The design was a noninterventional retrospective clinical trial. The percent of fat ranged from 10% to 25% (15 +/- 2), when it was calculated from SF, and was from 9% to 32% (18 +/- 2) when it was calculated from BIA. There was a significant correlation between the percent of fat calculated by SF and by BIA (r = 0.94, p < 0.0001 with limits of agreement 4.16 to 1.37 and -0.40 to -3.19). The water content of FFM ranged from 70%-79%(74 +/- 1). There was a weak but significant correlation (r = 0.64, p = 0.016) between protein catabolic rate (PCR) and KT/V (V = 60% of weight). This correlation became more significant (r = 0.83, p = 0.0007) when the V of KT/V was calculated from BIA. The prediction of body composition with the use of bioelectrical impedance is a simple and reliable technique. Serial measurements of BIA might be an important tool for the assessment of the nutritional intervention.