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Ocular outcome in children born before 32 weeks gestation

P M Pennefather1, M P Clarke, N P Strong

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

Eye (London, England)
|January 1, 1995
PubMed

Insights

Premature infants born before 32 weeks gestation often experience visual impairments. Early follow-up care for these children is crucial for identifying and treating vision abnormalities like strabismus and retinopathy of prematurity.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Infants born prematurely, especially before 32 weeks gestation, are at increased risk for ocular complications.
  • Understanding the long-term visual outcomes in this vulnerable population is essential for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the ocular outcomes at approximately 2 years of age in a cohort of children born before 32 weeks gestation.
  • To determine the incidence of specific visual abnormalities in this high-risk group.

Main Methods:

  • A 2-year cohort study was conducted within a defined population of 3 million.
  • 565 children born before 32 weeks gestation were identified, and 558 (98.8%) were assessed at approximately 2 years old.

Main Results:

  • A high incidence of ocular abnormalities was observed, including strabismus (12.5%), significant refractive errors (12.7%), sequelae of retinopathy of prematurity (2.9%), and cortical visual loss (1.3%).
  • These findings highlight the significant visual morbidity in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides recent, gestational age-specific prognostic data for premature infants.
  • Regular ophthalmological follow-up for preterm infants is critical for detecting visual impairments that can benefit from treatment.

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