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Related Concept Videos

Large Intestine01:09

Large Intestine

The large intestine is divided into three main regions: the cecum, colon, and rectum. Extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, it frames the small intestine on three sides.
The ileocecal sphincter, a mucous membrane fold, guards the opening from the ileum to the large intestine. This valve permits material from the small intestine to pass into the large intestine. Attached to the ileocecal valve is the cecum. This small pouch, approximately 6 cm long, has a twisted, coiled tube known as...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Ostomy Care01:24

Ostomy Care

Introduction
An ostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening from the intestines to the outside of the body, allowing for the rerouting of effluent. This opening is known as a stoma. A stoma usually protrudes above the skin surface, appearing pink or red, moist, and round, and it lacks nerve sensations.
There are different types of ostomies, including colostomies, ileostomies, and urostomies:

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Related Experiment Video

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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats
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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Operation in Rats

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The sigma rectum pouch (Mainz pouch II)

M Fisch1, R Wammack, R Hohenfellner

  • 1Department of Urology, University of Mainz, School of Medicine, Germany.

World Journal of Urology
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

The sigma rectum pouch offers excellent urinary continence rates (up to 98.6%) and upper tract protection. However, ureterointestinal anastomosis stenosis remains a concern, occurring in 6.8% of patients.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Surgical Innovation
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

  • Ureterosigmoidostomy presents challenges in continence and upper tract protection.
  • A low-pressure urinary reservoir is desirable for improved outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the sigma rectum pouch as a urinary reservoir.
  • To assess continence rates and upper tract preservation following this procedure.

Main Methods:

  • Antimesenteric splitting and side-to-side rectosigmoid anastomosis to create a low-pressure pouch.
  • Procedure performed in 73 patients (malignancy, bladder exstrophy, trauma, sinus urogenitalis).
  • Follow-up of 69 patients for a mean of 127 months.

Main Results:

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  • Excellent daytime (94.5%) and night-time (98.6%) continence achieved.
  • Low rate of early complications (6.8%) and late complications (10.9%).
  • Stenosis at ureteral implantation site occurred in 6.8% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • The sigma rectum pouch provides excellent urinary continence.
  • Ureteral implantation into a low-pressure reservoir does not eliminate the risk of stenosis.
  • Further research is needed to address the vulnerability of ureterointestinal anastomosis.