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In vitro cell response to differences in poly-L-lactide crystallinity

A Park1, L G Cima

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Processing techniques significantly impact poly-L-lactide (PLLA) surface properties and cell responses. Even minor changes in bulk crystallinity affect cell attachment, morphology, and function, influencing tissue regeneration device performance.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Processing techniques influence bulk properties of polyesters like poly-L-lactide (PLLA) used in tissue regeneration.
  • The impact of processing on PLLA surface properties and subsequent biological responses is less understood.
  • Bulk crystallinity is a key material property affected by processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how bulk crystallinity of poly-L-lactide (PLLA) affects its surface physiochemical properties.
  • To determine the influence of PLLA crystallinity on primary hepatocyte and 3T3 fibroblast cell behavior.
  • To correlate PLLA surface properties with cell attachment, morphology, and differentiated function.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of smooth, clear PLLA films with varying crystallinity (13-37%).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Characterization of surface order using Glancing Angle X-ray Diffraction (GAXRD).
  • Surface analysis via X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurements.
  • Assessment of cell attachment, morphology, spheroid formation, and P-450 enzyme activity for hepatocytes.
  • Evaluation of 3T3 fibroblast growth rates on PLLA substrates with different crystallinities.

    • Main Results:

    • Low crystallinity PLLA films showed lack of surface order in the initial 50 Å, while higher crystallinity films exhibited detectable order.
    • Surface physiochemical properties appeared similar across PLLA films, except for slightly greater contact angle hysteresis in more crystalline films.
    • Hepatocyte spheroid formation was faster on crystalline PLLA substrates (24-48 H).
    • Retention of hepatocyte differentiated function was inversely related to cell spreading.
    • 3T3 fibroblast growth rate was lower on crystalline PLLA substrates compared to amorphous ones.

    Conclusions:

    • Bulk crystallinity of PLLA, even with seemingly minor surface property variations, significantly influences cell behavior.
    • Processing-induced changes in PLLA crystallinity can impact cell attachment, morphology, and function.
    • These findings highlight the importance of considering subtle material property changes in the design of tissue regeneration devices.