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Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors

S N Chow1, J H Yang, Y H Lin

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors show varying survival rates, with endodermal sinus tumors (EST) at 54% and immature teratoma/dysgerminoma at 85-90%. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) aids in predicting recurrence for EST.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Medical Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors are rare, comprising 10.8% of ovarian malignancies.
  • Review of 50 cases treated between 1977 and 1994.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review treatment outcomes for malignant ovarian germ cell tumors.
  • To evaluate the prognostic value of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).

Main Methods:

  • Surgical treatment was the initial approach for all patients.
  • Adjuvant chemotherapy regimens included VAC, BVP, BEP, EP, and VIP, with choices dependent on tumor type and stage.
  • Follow-up ranged from 5 to 144 months (mean 54.5 months).

Main Results:

  • Histological subtypes included endodermal sinus tumor (EST), immature teratoma, dysgerminoma, and mixed germ cell tumor.

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  • Elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was observed in all EST cases and indicated tumor recurrence.
  • Mean patient age was 21.5 years with a mean tumor diameter of 16 cm.

    • Conclusions:

    • Survival rates varied by histology: 54% for EST, 85% for immature teratoma, and 90% for dysgerminoma.
    • AFP is a valuable biomarker for monitoring endodermal sinus tumors.
    • Surgical management combined with tailored chemotherapy offers effective treatment for these rare tumors.