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Circulating immune complexes in schistosomiasis

D Bout, F Santoro, Y Carlier

    Immunology
    |July 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were detected in over 60% of patients with Schistosoma mansoni infection. CIC levels correlated with disease severity and were higher in milder forms, indicating their role in schistosomiasis pathogenesis.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Parasitology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Schistosomiasis mansoni is a parasitic disease where circulating immune complexes (CIC) may play a role in pathogenesis.
    • Understanding CIC formation and levels is crucial for diagnosing and staging schistosomiasis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and characteristics of CIC in patients with Schistosoma mansoni infection.
    • To correlate CIC levels with disease clinical forms and experimental models.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized [125I]Clq binding test, complement fixation test (CFT), and optical density measurement for CIC detection.
    • Analyzed serum from patients with S. mansoni and experimental mouse models.
    • Characterized parasite antigen, IgG, IgM, and IgE within CIC.

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    Main Results:

    • A significant correlation was found among the three CIC detection methods.
    • Over 60% of infected patients showed elevated CIC levels compared to controls.
    • CIC levels were higher in mild schistosomiasis than in the hepatosplenic form.
    • Parasite antigen, IgG, IgM, and IgE were identified in CIC.
    • In mice, peak CIC levels occurred between 40-70 days post-infection.

    Conclusions:

    • CIC are prevalent in Schistosoma mansoni infection and can be reliably detected by multiple methods.
    • CIC levels correlate with disease severity, suggesting their involvement in schistosomiasis pathology.
    • The findings provide insights into the immunobiology of schistosomiasis and potential diagnostic markers.