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Related Experiment Videos

Antihistamines: topical vs oral administration

R J Davies1, A C Bagnall, R N McCabe

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Second-generation antihistamines demonstrate additional anti-inflammatory effects beyond histamine blockade, improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Topical administration of antihistamines offers enhanced efficacy and safety compared to oral routes.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis pathogenesis involves multiple inflammatory mediators beyond histamine.
  • Second-generation antihistamines, despite targeting only histamine, show significant clinical efficacy.
  • Research investigates additional pharmacological activities of antihistamines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the non-histaminergic anti-inflammatory effects of second-generation antihistamines.
  • To compare the efficacy and safety of topical versus oral antihistamine administration.
  • To evaluate the impact of antihistamines on intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies assessing mediator release and ICAM-1 expression.

Related Experiment Videos

  • In vivo studies evaluating nasal symptoms and inflammatory cell influx.
  • Clinical trials comparing topical (levocabastine, azelastine) and oral (terfenadine, cetirizine) antihistamines, and intranasal azelastine versus beclomethasone dipropionate.

    • Main Results:

    • High concentrations of antihistamines inhibit inflammatory mediator release and reduce ICAM-1 expression.
    • Oral and intranasal antihistamines reduce nasal symptoms and inflammatory cell influx.
    • Topical levocabastine and azelastine demonstrated superior or comparable efficacy to oral terfenadine and beclomethasone, with improved safety profiles.

    Conclusions:

    • Second-generation antihistamines possess additional anti-inflammatory properties.
    • Topical antihistamine administration offers enhanced efficacy and safety for allergic rhinitis management.
    • Targeted delivery to the affected organ is a logical approach for antihistamine therapy.