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Allergic contact dermatitis from latex rubber

S M Wilkinson1, M H Beck

  • 1Skin Hospital, Salford, U.K.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Latex allergy, specifically delayed hypersensitivity, is more common than previously thought. Patch testing with latex is recommended for suspected contact dermatitis from latex products like gloves and footwear.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Contact Dermatitis

Background:

  • Delayed hypersensitivity to latex, distinct from contact urticaria, is occasionally observed.
  • Previous reports often linked delayed hypersensitivity to latex with concurrent contact urticaria.
  • The prevalence of latex as a sole cause of delayed hypersensitivity was not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of delayed hypersensitivity to latex in patients presenting with contact dermatitis.
  • To assess the relevance of latex as a causative agent in delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
  • To evaluate the utility of latex patch testing in diagnosing latex-induced contact dermatitis.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted over six months involving patients attending a contact dermatitis clinic.

Related Experiment Videos

  • All participating patients underwent patch testing with latex.
  • Cutaneous reactions were assessed, differentiating between contact urticaria and allergic contact dermatitis.

    • Main Results:

    • Out of 822 patients, 1.9% showed positive reactions to latex patch testing.
    • Six patients had contact urticaria, five had both contact urticaria and allergic contact dermatitis, and five had allergic contact dermatitis alone.
    • Among the five patients with delayed hypersensitivity to latex without contact urticaria, four cases were considered relevant or possibly relevant.

    Conclusions:

    • Latex is a more frequent cause of delayed hypersensitivity than previously recognized.
    • Patch testing with latex is a valuable diagnostic tool for suspected latex-induced contact dermatitis.
    • Consider latex patch testing for patients with suspected dermatitis from latex-containing products such as gloves and footwear.