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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing01:32

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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Related Experiment Video

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Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
11:34

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

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Two structurally different RNA molecules are bound by the spliceosomal protein U1A using the same recognition

L Jovine1, C Oubridge, J M Avis

  • 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.

Structure (London, England : 1993)
|May 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Human U1A protein binds to its own pre-mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), downregulating expression. A structural model reveals specific interactions and protein dimerization crucial for regulating polyadenylation.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Human U1A protein is essential for pre-mRNA splicing via U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) formation.
  • U1A protein autoregulates its expression by binding to its own 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), inhibiting polyadenylation.
  • The 3'UTR contains conserved secondary structures with specific heptanucleotide sequences recognized by U1A protein.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To understand the molecular control mechanism of polyadenylation.
  • To build a structural model of the U1A protein-3'UTR complex.
  • To elucidate the sequence-specific interactions between U1A protein and its 3'UTR.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized crystal structure of U1A protein-hairpin II RNA complex.
  • Developed a model of the U1A protein-3'UTR complex.
  • Analyzed sequence conservation and RNA secondary structure.

Main Results:

  • Identified tight binding of the AUUGCAC sequence to a groove on the U1A protein surface.
  • Confirmed sequence-specific contacts between U1A protein and the 3'UTR heptanucleotide.
  • Established U1A protein-3'UTR complex model based on crystal structure and RNA symmetry.

Conclusions:

  • Sequence-specific interactions involve the conserved heptanucleotide and the terminal C:G base pair.
  • Protein-protein contacts and electrostatic interactions stabilize the complex.
  • RNA binding induces conformational changes leading to U1A dimerization, inhibiting poly(A) polymerase and preventing autoregulation.