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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced colitis
1Department of Alimentary Tract Surgery, Albert Michallon Hospital, Grenoble, France.
International Journal of Colorectal Disease
|January 1, 1996
Summary
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause colon problems like colitis, leading to symptoms such as bloody diarrhea and anemia. Discontinuing NSAIDs is key for treatment, with medications or surgery for severe cases.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for pain and inflammation.
- NSAIDs can cause significant gastrointestinal side effects, particularly affecting the colon.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the adverse effects of NSAIDs on the colon.
- To discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and management of NSAID-induced colitis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of NSAID-induced colonic diseases.
- Analysis of clinical presentations, diagnostic findings, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- NSAID-induced colitis presents with bloody diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, and abdominal pain.
- Colonoscopy may reveal inflammation, ulceration, or strictures; histology often shows non-specific colitis.
- NSAIDs can also cause colonic perforation, bleeding, inflammatory bowel disease relapse, and angiodysplasia exacerbation.
Conclusions:
- Discontinuation or dose reduction of NSAIDs is the primary treatment.
- Medications like sulphasalazine and metronidazole show promise in some cases.
- Surgery may be necessary for life-threatening complications or refractory symptoms.