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Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

34
Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to...
34
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

726
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
726
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

369
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
369
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

696
Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
696
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

2.2K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
2.2K
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

2.8K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 26, 2026

A Soluble Tetrazolium-Based Reduction Assay to Evaluate the Effect of Antibodies on Candida tropicalis Biofilms
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A Soluble Tetrazolium-Based Reduction Assay to Evaluate the Effect of Antibodies on Candida tropicalis Biofilms

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Nystatin prophylaxis in immunocompromised children

T L Taylor1

  • 1Pharmacy Department, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nystatin offers minimal benefit for fungal prophylaxis in cancer patients, failing to prevent disseminated infections. Alternative antifungal agents may be more effective for these high-risk individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Bone Marrow Transplantation

Background:

  • Hematology/oncology/bone marrow transplantation patients are at high risk for invasive fungal infections.
  • Fungal prophylaxis is crucial in immunocompromised patient populations.
  • Nystatin is a commonly considered antifungal agent for prophylaxis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of nystatin for fungal prophylaxis in hematology/oncology/bone marrow transplantation patients.
  • To determine if nystatin reduces the incidence of disseminated fungal infections in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nystatin use for fungal prophylaxis.
  • Analysis of studies comparing nystatin with placebo or no therapy.
  • Assessment of nystatin's impact on fungal colonization and invasive infections.

Main Results:

  • Nystatin showed little to no benefit over no therapy in preventing disseminated fungal infections.
  • Nystatin significantly reduced multiple-site fungal colonization and persistent oropharyngeal cultures.
  • The study did not find nystatin effective in preventing invasive fungal infections.

Conclusions:

  • Nystatin provides limited benefit for fungal prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients.
  • Alternative antifungal agents like ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, or amphotericin B may offer better protection.
  • Further research comparing nystatin with other antifungals is warranted.