Transvaginal correction of pelvic prolapse

Area of Science:

• Urogynecology
• Pelvic Floor Disorders
• Female Pelvic Medicine

Background:

• Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) presents with diverse clinical symptoms.
• Evaluation and treatment are often stratified by anatomical region.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the anatomical classification and surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse.
• To emphasize the importance of comprehensive treatment for successful outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Categorization of pelvic prolapse into anterior, posterior, and vault compartments.
• Description of surgical techniques for each prolapse type, including slings, bladder neck suspension, cystocele repair, fascial plication, and perineal body repair.

Main Results:

• Anterior vaginal wall prolapse, including urethral hypermobility and cystocele, is most common.
• Posterior vaginal wall prolapse involves rectocele and perineal relaxation, managed with fascial and muscular reconstruction.
• Vault prolapse encompasses enterocele, uterine prolapse, and generalized vault prolapse, with treatment tailored to individual factors.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of pelvic prolapse requires a systematic, anatomically based approach.
• Treatment selection for vault prolapse considers coexisting anterior prolapse, prolapse severity, and patient lifestyle.
• Addressing all components of pelvic prolapse concurrently is crucial to avoid treatment failure and recurrence.