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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

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Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

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In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
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Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

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Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to...
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DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
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Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis

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Dysfibrinogenemia associated with liver disease

J E Palascak, J Martinez

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |July 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Patients with liver disease and prolonged thrombin times may have abnormal fibrinogen (dysfibrinogenemia). This condition impairs fibrin monomer polymerization, affecting blood clotting. Further research is needed to understand its clinical significance.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Medical Science

    Background:

    • Liver disease can affect coagulation factors.
    • Prolonged thrombin times in liver disease patients warrant investigation into fibrinogen function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and nature of functionally abnormal fibrinogen in patients with liver disease and prolonged plasma thrombin times.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied plasma and purified fibrinogens from five patients with prolonged thrombin times.
    • Utilized immunoelectrophoresis, SDS-PAGE, alkaline PAGE, and DEAE-cellulose chromatography.
    • Assessed thrombin and Reptilase clotting times, calcium ion effects, fibrinopeptide release, and fibrin monomer aggregation.

    Main Results:

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    Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
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    08:56

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    Assessment of Plasma Coagulation on Liver Tissue in a Large Animal Model In Vivo
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    • No evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation or fibrinolysis was found.
    • Standard protein electrophoresis and chromatography showed no abnormalities.
    • Purified fibrinogens exhibited prolonged clotting times, with impaired calcium correction and aggregation.
    • Patient fibrinogen addition prolonged normal fibrinogen clotting times, indicating a dominant-negative effect.

    Conclusions:

    • Patients with liver disease and prolonged thrombin times can have dysfibrinogenemia.
    • The primary functional defect is an abnormality in fibrin monomer polymerization.
    • This dysfibrinogenemia may contribute to altered hemostasis in liver disease.