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Genetic contribution to DZ twinning

C M Lewis1, S C Healey, N G Martin

  • 1Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.

American Journal of Medical Genetics
|January 22, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Genetic factors significantly increase the likelihood of having dizygotic (DZ) twins. This study found higher rates of DZ twins in families with a history of DZ twinning, suggesting a hereditary component.

Area of Science:

  • Human Genetics
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Twin Studies

Background:

  • Dizygotic (DZ) twinning occurs when two eggs are fertilized by two sperm.
  • The genetic and environmental factors influencing DZ twinning rates are not fully understood.
  • Previous studies suggest a potential genetic predisposition for DZ twinning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic contribution to dizygotic (DZ) twinning.
  • To quantify the familial risk of DZ twinning based on proband zygosity and family relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 6,596 twin pairs from the Australian Twin Registry.
  • Classified twin pairs by zygosity (DZ and monozygotic [MZ]) and family relationships.
  • Compared DZ twinning rates in families of DZ probands versus MZ probands (controls).

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Main Results:

  • Significantly higher proportions of DZ twins were observed in families of DZ probands compared to MZ probands.
  • Elevated risks were found for sisters of mothers of DZ twins (risk ratio 1.7) and offspring of female DZ twins (risk ratio 2.5).
  • No association was found between maternal age at birth and the tendency for DZ twinning in relatives.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide strong evidence for a genetic influence on dizygotic twinning.
  • Familial aggregation of DZ twinning suggests an inherited predisposition.
  • Further research can explore specific genetic markers associated with DZ twinning.