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Related Experiment Videos

Phonological variation and inference in lexical access

M G Gaskell1, W D Marslen-Wilson

  • 1Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London, England. g.gaskell@psyc.bbk.ac.uk

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
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Speech perception tolerates regular phonetic changes when they fit predictable patterns. This study shows that listeners use on-line phonological inference to access words, even with variations like assimilation.

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Phonetics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Lexical access in speech processing is sensitive to phonetic mismatches.
  • Systematic phonetic variability in spoken words poses a challenge to understanding lexical access.
  • Previous findings suggest intolerance to deviations, contrasting with natural speech variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether phonologically regular phonetic variations are perceptually acceptable during lexical access.
  • To test the hypothesis that context influences the perception of phonetic deviations.
  • To determine if on-line phonological inference plays a role in mapping speech to lexical representations.

Main Methods:

  • Two cross-modal priming experiments were conducted.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants listened to speech tokens with phonetic variations (e.g., assimilation).
  • Contexts were manipulated to be phonologically viable or unviable for the observed phonetic changes.

    • Main Results:

    • Phonetically deviant tokens in unviable contexts failed to access lexical representations effectively.
    • The same deviant tokens in viable phonological contexts primed lexical entries as strongly as unchanged controls.
    • Results indicate that contextually licensed phonetic variations do not impede lexical access.

    Conclusions:

    • Speech perception involves on-line phonological inference to map variable acoustic signals onto stable lexical representations.
    • Phonological regularity and contextual licensing are critical for accepting phonetic variations in real-time word recognition.
    • The findings challenge the notion of strict intolerance to phonetic mismatch, highlighting the role of predictive processing in speech comprehension.