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Fluoride and the skeleton

M Kleerekoper1

  • 1Center for Osteoporosis Research, Southfield, MI 48076-3956, USA.

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fluoride can increase bone mass but its therapeutic use for osteoporosis is limited by toxicity and skeletal damage. Environmental fluoride also presents a paradox with benefits for teeth but potential harm to bones.

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Area of Science:

  • Skeletal Biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Fluoride is known to increase skeletal mass, yet its therapeutic application for osteoporosis remains challenging.
  • The paradoxical effects of fluoride on bone health, including both benefits and toxicity, necessitate a comprehensive review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a balanced overview of the conflicting literature on the therapeutic and environmental effects of fluoride on the skeleton.
  • To explore the reasons behind the difficulty in translating fluoride's bone-building potential into clinical benefit for osteoporosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fluoride's effects on skeletal mass and bone quality.
  • Analysis of studies investigating therapeutic fluoride use in osteoporosis.

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  • Examination of research on environmental fluoride exposure and skeletal health.

    • Main Results:

    • Fluoride's potential to increase skeletal mass is counteracted by toxic effects on mineralization and bone resorption.
    • Therapeutic benefits are often limited by the advanced stage of osteoporosis in trial participants.
    • Environmental fluoride shows a dichotomy: anticaries effects versus potential skeletal harm (fluorosis) at high doses.

    Conclusions:

    • The therapeutic efficacy of fluoride in osteoporosis is hindered by its toxicity and impact on bone microarchitecture.
    • Environmental fluoride's impact on bone health is dose-dependent, with potential risks at excessive exposure levels.
    • Further research is needed to reconcile the conflicting data and optimize fluoride's role in skeletal health.