Interleukin-1 system crosstalk between embryo and endometrium in implantation

Nowadays, cytokines and growth factors have become increasingly implicated in embryo implantation. Endometrial function, embryo secretions and embryo-endometrial interactions require a continuous dialogue and synchronism between both partners (endometrium and embryo), not only at the endocrine level but also at the local (paracrine/autocrine) level. This review focuses on the interleukin-1 system as an example of a local regulator in embryo implantation. Evidence demonstrating its presence and relevance to human endometrial physiology and human embryo development is presented. Finally, we show data which suggest the possible role of this cytokine in implantation.