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Variations in the presentation of altitude-induced chokes
1Aerospace Medicine Department, USAF School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, TX 78235-5123, USA.
Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
|December 1, 1995
Summary
Altitude-induced decompression sickness (DCS), specifically the serious pulmonary form known as chokes, can occur during flying. This study found chest pain is a universal early symptom, and compression therapy effectively treated all 15 cases.
Area of Science:
- Aerospace Medicine
- Hyperbaric Medicine
- Physiology
Background:
- Altitude-induced decompression sickness (DCS) is a risk in aviation and altitude chamber activities.
- Pulmonary DCS, or chokes, is the most severe but uncommon manifestation.
- Understanding chokes is crucial for safety in high-altitude environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the experience with altitude-induced chokes at the Davis Hyperbaric Laboratory.
- To analyze patient demographics, exposure details, symptoms, and treatment outcomes.
- To discuss the etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of chokes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 15 chokes cases from 1966 to 1994.
- Analysis of patient data including age, gender, altitude exposure, symptom onset, and initial symptoms.
- Evaluation of treatment response to compression therapy.
Main Results:
- Fifteen cases of altitude-induced chokes were identified and treated.
- All patients experienced complete resolution with compression therapy.
- Substernal chest pain was a universal early symptom, but the classic triad (chest pain, dyspnea, cough) was infrequent.
Conclusions:
- Compression therapy is effective for treating altitude-induced chokes.
- Substernal chest pain is a key early indicator, while other classic symptoms may be absent.
- Further understanding of chokes pathophysiology can improve prevention and management strategies.