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Related Experiment Videos

Meperidine: therapeutic use and toxicity

R F Clark1, E M Wei, P O Anderson

  • 1Dept. of Emergency Medicine, UCSD Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92103-8676, USA.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Meperidine, a synthetic opioid analgesic, offers short-term pain relief but has limited efficacy compared to alternatives. Its use is cautioned due to potential central nervous system toxicity and interactions with other drugs.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pain Management
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Meperidine is a synthetic opioid analgesic commonly used in emergency settings.
  • It is administered parenterally due to poor oral absorption and extensively metabolized by the liver.
  • Adverse effects like nausea can be mitigated with antiemetic or antihistaminic co-administration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of meperidine as an analgesic.
  • To compare meperidine's effectiveness against alternative parenteral pain medications.
  • To identify potential risks and contraindications associated with meperidine use.

Main Methods:

  • Review of controlled trials comparing meperidine to other parenteral analgesics.
  • Analysis of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data for meperidine.

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  • Assessment of reported adverse events and drug interactions.

    • Main Results:

    • Meperidine's analgesic efficacy rarely surpasses alternative parenteral pain medications in controlled trials.
    • Metabolism produces normeperidine, a metabolite with significant central nervous system (CNS) toxicity.
    • Meperidine can precipitate dangerous reactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

    Conclusions:

    • Meperidine is generally considered a second-line agent for pain management when opioid analgesics are necessary.
    • Its use requires careful consideration of potential toxicities and drug interactions.
    • Alternative analgesics may offer superior efficacy and safety profiles.