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Sodium currents in mammalian muscle

R H Adrian, M W Marshall

The Journal of Physiology

|June 1, 1977

Summary

A new three-electrode method approximates muscle fiber membrane current. Rat muscle sodium current shows slower inactivation and a negative voltage shift compared to frog muscle, with higher tetrodotoxin resistance.

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Area of Science:

Muscle physiology
Electrophysiology
Ion channel research

Background:

Accurate measurement of membrane current is crucial for understanding muscle fiber function.
Previous studies utilized voltage-clamp techniques, which can be invasive.
A simpler, approximate method for current computation is desirable.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and validate a novel three-electrode method for approximating muscle fiber membrane current.
To compare sodium current characteristics in rat and frog muscles.
To investigate tetrodotoxin sensitivity in rat muscle sodium channels.

Main Methods:

Development of a three-electrode measurement technique in the mid-region of muscle fibers.
Comparison of computed inward sodium current in frog muscle with existing voltage-clamp data.
Analysis of sodium current, delayed outward current, and charge movement in rat extensor digitorum longus muscle fibers.
Assessment of rat muscle fiber response to varying concentrations of tetrodotoxin.

Main Results:

The three-electrode method provides a valid approximation of membrane current.
Rat muscle sodium current exhibits slower inactivation (0-20°C) and a negative voltage shift in steady-state activation (-10 to -15 mV) compared to frog muscle.
Rat muscle fibers demonstrate increased resistance to tetrodotoxin, with detectable inward current at 100 nM.
Delayed outward current and charge movement are present in rat muscle.

Conclusions:

The three-electrode method is a viable alternative for approximating muscle membrane current.
Significant differences exist in sodium current kinetics and voltage dependence between rat and frog muscles.
Rat muscle sodium channels display higher tetrodotoxin resistance, without evidence of distinct sensitive and insensitive populations.

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