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Pattern and flash visual evoked responses in multiple sclerosis

A Neetens, Y Hendrata, J van Rompaey

    Journal of Neurology
    |March 22, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) reveal early wave shape changes and reduced amplitude in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, even those without symptoms. Combining flash and pattern stimulation offers a sensitive method for detecting axonal damage in the visual pathway.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Ophthalmology
    • Clinical Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) diagnosis often relies on detecting demyelination.
    • Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are used to assess visual pathway function.
    • Subtle changes in VEPs may indicate early axonal damage in neurological conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the utility of flash and pattern visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in detecting early visual pathway changes in multiple sclerosis (MS).
    • To compare the sensitivity of VEP parameters (latency, amplitude, wave shape) to different stimulation methods.
    • To determine if VEPs can detect subclinical axonal damage in MS.

    Main Methods:

    • Patients with MS, sectorial ischemic neuropathy, and open-angle glaucoma underwent VEP testing.

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  • Both flash and pattern stimulation techniques were employed.
  • VEP parameters including latency, amplitude, and wave shape were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Combining flash and pattern stimulation revealed amplitude reduction and wave shape changes in 100% of MS cases.
    • Latency increase was observed in 77% of MS cases.
    • Similar VEP alterations were found in non-demyelinating conditions, indicating axonal damage detection.

    Conclusions:

    • VEP alterations, particularly amplitude and wave shape changes, are sensitive indicators of axonal damage in the visual pathway, not specific to demyelinating diseases.
    • Flash and pattern VEPs may be more pathognomonic for MS than traditional methods like oligoclonal gammaglobulin fractionation.
    • Subclinical MS cases warrant comprehensive electro-ophthalmographic investigation.