Cyclophosphamide hemorrhagic cystitis requiring urinary diversion

Hemorrhagic cystitis secondary to cyclophosphamide is a well recognized and unique urologic complication of this widely used agent. Cessation of the drug and supportive care are usually sufficient for management but refractory cases are difficult to treat and potentially life-threatening. A review of the pathology and treatment of this disorder is presented with specific reference to a patient requiring urinary diversion.