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Related Experiment Videos

Preweaning diet programs postweaning plasma thyroxine concentrations in baboons

G E Mott1, D S Lewis, E M Jackson

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7750, USA.

Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
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Infant baboons breast-fed as infants had higher thyroxine (T4) levels and altered T3/T4 ratios compared to formula-fed baboons, suggesting a link to long-term cholesterol metabolism differences.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Infant feeding practices, including breastfeeding and formula feeding, can influence long-term health outcomes.
  • Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism, including lipid and cholesterol metabolism.
  • Understanding the impact of early diet on thyroid hormone homeostasis is essential for assessing lifelong health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of infant baboon diet (breast milk vs. formula) on plasma thyroid hormone concentrations.
  • To determine if differences in postweaning thyroid hormone levels are associated with long-term alterations in lipoprotein concentrations and cholesterol metabolism.
  • To examine the influence of infant formula composition (P/S ratio, cholesterol) on these outcomes.

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Main Methods:

  • Newborn baboons were assigned to breast-feeding or formula-feeding groups (varying P/S ratios).
  • All baboons were weaned to a high-cholesterol, high-saturated fat diet.
  • Plasma thyroid hormone concentrations (T4, T3, fT3) were measured longitudinally up to 400 weeks of age.
  • Lipoprotein concentrations and cholesterol metabolism markers were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Breast-fed baboons exhibited significantly higher thyroxine (T4) concentrations from 34 to 400 weeks compared to formula-fed baboons.
  • Breast-fed baboons showed lower T3/T4 ratios from 70 to 400 weeks.
  • Postweaning thyroid hormone levels were not significantly affected by the P/S ratio or cholesterol content of infant formulas.
  • Thyroxine (T4) concentrations were significantly correlated with T3 concentrations, bile acid synthesis, acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase activity, and plasma HDL1-C levels.

Conclusions:

  • Early life feeding practices, specifically breast-feeding versus formula-feeding, have lasting effects on thyroid hormone homeostasis in baboons.
  • Altered thyroid hormone profiles in breast-fed baboons may partially mediate long-term differences observed in cholesterol metabolism.
  • These findings highlight the potential role of thyroid hormone regulation in mediating the long-term metabolic consequences of infant diet.