Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Impact on USAF tuberculosis detection and control program given a low facility tuberculosis prevalence rate

S E Popper1, S T Hebrink, D A Smith

  • 174 AMDS/SGPF, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA.

Military Medicine
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Isoniazid prophylaxis is key to the U.S. Air Force tuberculosis (TB) program. Adjusting positive tuberculin skin test thresholds based on predictive rates can improve TB screening accuracy.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AACE medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of atherogenesis.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·2001
Same author

Female meadow voles housed in long and short daylengths respond to exogenous estrogen with similar mating latencies.

Physiology & behavior·2001
Same author

Going global with osteopathic medicine.

The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association·2001
Same author

Hemispheric specialization in emotion: attention, arousal, and EEG activation in unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy.

The International journal of neuroscience·2001
Same author

Smads mediate signaling of the TGFbeta superfamily in normal keratinocytes but are lost during skin chemical carcinogenesis.

Oncogene·2001
Same author

Property-based design: optimization of drug absorption and pharmacokinetics.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2001

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Military Medicine

Background:

  • Isoniazid prophylaxis is a cornerstone of the U.S. Air Force's tuberculosis (TB) screening and elimination strategy.
  • Current screening protocols may benefit from refinement, particularly in low-prevalence settings.
  • The accuracy of TB screening tests, like the tuberculin skin test (TST), is influenced by population prevalence rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the appropriateness of current criteria for isoniazid preventive therapy within the U.S. Air Force.
  • To recommend enhancements to Air Force Instruction 48-115 regarding TB screening and treatment thresholds.
  • To align TB screening practices with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations on positive-predictive value.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of existing U.S. Air Force tuberculosis (TB) screening program guidelines and protocols.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data related to TB prevalence and TST results within the Air Force population.
  • Consideration of the positive-predictive rate of the tuberculin skin test in diverse settings.

Main Results:

  • A higher threshold for a positive tuberculin skin test reaction may be appropriate in low-prevalence TB facilities.
  • The absence of epidemiological evidence for false-positive TST results warrants a re-evaluation of positivity criteria.
  • Current Air Force guidelines may not fully incorporate the positive-predictive value of the TST.

Conclusions:

  • Air Force Instruction 48-115, paragraphs 3.4.2 and 3.4.5, should be updated to include the positive-predictive rate of the TST.
  • Implementing CDC-recommended adjustments to TST interpretation can optimize TB screening effectiveness.
  • Refined screening criteria will enhance the efficiency and accuracy of TB elimination efforts in the U.S. Air Force.