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Typhlitis in acute childhood leukemia

S F Wu1, C T Peng, F J Tsai

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.

Zhonghua Minguo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi [Journal]. Zhonghua Minguo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Typhlitis, an inflammation of the cecum, affects leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy. Ultrasound aids in diagnosing this condition, with antibiotics and bowel rest proving effective treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Typhlitis is a serious cecal inflammation often seen in acute leukemia patients with neutropenia during chemotherapy.
  • It presents with symptoms like fever, abdominal pain, tenderness, and diarrhea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe cases of typhlitis in neutropenic patients.
  • To evaluate the utility of ultrasound in diagnosing typhlitis.
  • To report on treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Case series of five patients with typhlitis.
  • Clinical presentation assessment (fever, abdominal pain, tenderness, diarrhea).
  • Abdominal sonography to evaluate cecal wall thickness.

Main Results:

  • Four patients showed typhlitis symptoms during neutropenia.
  • Sonography revealed cecal wall thickening in 4 cases.
  • Broad-spectrum antibiotics and bowel rest led to successful treatment in 4 patients.
  • One patient died due to septic complications.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasound is a valuable, noninvasive tool for diagnosing typhlitis.
  • Prompt antibiotic therapy and bowel rest are effective management strategies.
  • Typhlitis can be a life-threatening condition, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and intervention.

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