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[Body temperature variations during laparoscopic cholecystectomies]

V Castillo1, A Gutiérrez-Crespo, F Suárez

  • 1Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapia del Dolor, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla.

Revista Espanola De Anestesiologia Y Reanimacion
|June 1, 1996
PubMed
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Laparoscopic surgery causes a greater body temperature decrease than laparotomy due to carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation. This temperature loss during laparoscopic procedures is significant and warrants attention.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Surgical Innovation
  • Patient Monitoring

Background:

  • Minimally invasive surgeries like laparoscopy are increasingly common.
  • Maintaining patient core temperature during surgery is crucial for preventing complications.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation is a standard component of laparoscopic procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of CO2 insufflation on body temperature during laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy.
  • To quantify the degree of temperature change in relation to surgical approach.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty patients undergoing cholecystectomy were randomized into laparoscopy or laparotomy groups.
  • Total intravenous anesthesia was administered.
  • Central body temperature was continuously monitored using a distal esophageal thermometer.

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Main Results:

  • Both groups experienced a gradual decrease in body temperature over the 80-minute procedure.
  • Laparoscopic surgery resulted in a significantly greater temperature decrease (0.43°C) compared to laparotomy (0.20°C).
  • No associated pathophysiological repercussions were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Laparoscopic surgery, due to CO2 insufflation at 4°C, induces a more pronounced body temperature loss than laparotomy.
  • A temperature decrease of 0.4°C was observed for every 50 liters of CO2 insufflated.
  • The findings highlight the thermoregulatory challenge posed by CO2 insufflation in laparoscopy.