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Principles of rhythmic motor pattern generation

E Marder1, R L Calabrese

  • 1Volen Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.

Physiological Reviews
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Central pattern-generating networks produce rhythmic movements, adapting them via sensory and neuromodulatory inputs. This review explores cellular, circuit, and computational mechanisms shaping motor patterns in nervous systems.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Rhythmic movements are crucial for locomotion and are generated by central pattern-generating networks (CPGs).
  • CPG output is dynamically modulated by sensory feedback and neuromodulatory signals.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to explaining adaptive motor behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cellular, circuit, and computational mechanisms of rhythmic movement generation.
  • To explore how synaptic and cellular processes interact to shape motor patterns.
  • To provide insights into the neural basis of adaptive locomotion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cellular, circuit, and computational analyses.
  • Integration of findings from invertebrate and vertebrate model systems.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Focus on the interplay between neural components and motor output.

    • Main Results:

    • CPGs rely on specific cellular properties and network architectures for rhythm generation.
    • Sensory and neuromodulatory inputs fine-tune CPG output for behavioral adaptation.
    • Synaptic plasticity and intrinsic cellular properties play critical roles in motor pattern modulation.

    Conclusions:

    • The generation of adaptive rhythmic movements results from complex interactions within neural networks.
    • A multi-level approach (cellular, circuit, computational) is essential for understanding motor control.
    • Further research can elucidate principles applicable to neurological disorders affecting movement.