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Taste reception

B Lindemann1

  • 1Fachrichtung Physiologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany.

Physiological Reviews
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular taste mechanisms involve complex parallel pathways using receptors, G proteins, and ion channels. Research aims to uncover the intricate control and evolution of these taste transduction processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Peripheral taste transduction involves intricate cellular mechanisms.
  • Key components include membrane receptors, G proteins, second messengers, and ion channels.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for deciphering taste perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the diverse cellular mechanisms underlying taste transduction.
  • To investigate the parallel pathways involved in sensing different tastants.
  • To explore the complexity and evolutionary basis of taste signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cellular signaling cascades in taste receptor cells.
  • Investigation of ion channel activity and second messenger systems.

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  • Comparative analysis across different tastants and potential species variations.

    • Main Results:

    • Taste transduction utilizes multiple parallel pathways, varying by tastant type (sweet, bitter, salt, sour).
    • Sweet taste involves adenylyl cyclase/cAMP and phospholipase C (PLC)/inositol trisphosphate (IP3) pathways.
    • Bitter taste can block K+ channels or involve G protein-coupled cascades affecting cAMP or Ca2+.
    • Salt taste primarily uses amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels, with other components also present.
    • Sour taste may involve amiloride-sensitive channels conducting protons, alongside other mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • Taste transduction is characterized by parallel and adaptable signaling pathways.
    • The complexity of these pathways varies across taste modalities, locations, and species.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand the control and evolutionary origins of these intricate systems.